<incom> Eisenstadt, UCI: Cuba's Other Revolution

[sz]

Also check out some of the online commentary, both of the official 
finally-some-positive-news-rather-than-imperialist-lies variety and 
serious expressions of discontent regarding the way funds have been 
diverted to make UCI a success, probably similar to ICT initiatives 
elsewhere, sz

December 07, 2004
Cuba's Other Revolution

<http://www.corante.com/getreal/archives/cubas_other_revolution.php>

Last month, Marc Eisenstadt had the privilege of visiting a hi-tech 
campus whose very existence defies belief. Here's his report.

A model of the campus – real photos are below

I was in Havana last month to attend TelEduc04, the 3rd International 
Symposium on Distance Learning and Lifelong Learning, a key Latin 
American e-learning workshop. I've filed a short news report about the 
conference, my keynote address, and my 30 seconds of fame on Cuban TV in 
a KMi Planet News Story -- here I want to describe a very exciting 
post-conference visit.

During the opening day of the conference, the TelEduc President and 
Chair, Tomás López, said to me, "you would probably be very interested 
to hear what is happening at UCI." (pronounced "ooh-see"). "UCI: What's 
that?" I asked." "Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas" said Tomas, 
"and they are doing some very interesting things. You should listen to 
the presentation tomorrow by the Vice-Rector."

The Vision

I duly attended the presentation by UCI Vice-Rector Rosa Vázquez. In 
that talk, she set out the vision of an institution conceived by Cuban 
President Fidel Castro in March of 2002. Castro's idea was to bridge the 
'digital divide' in one enormous leap into the future: a hi-tech campus, 
housing 10,000 students selected from the best and brightest in the 
country. The campus would be dedicated to a new university, La 
Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas, and would be lavishly endowed 
with all the provisions an up-and-coming student of Information Sciences 
might require.

A multi-gigabit fiber-optic backbone would ring the campus, bringing 
multi-megabit internet and faster intranet capabilities to all buildings 
(correction: all rooms in all buildings) – yes, including the 
custom-built halls of residence, which would be equipped with air 
conditioning, plus a TV and computer in every student suite. Classroom 
facilities would be mixture of modular workspace, videoconference 
suites, and ample workstations of the latest spec to provide one 
computer for every student. Teaching staff would be specially recruited 
from among the best the country could offer. All students would be 
expected to spend a certain proportion of their time working on 
production teams developing commercial software, which in turn would 
help pay for the operation and bootstrap a Cuban software industry that 
could, at the very least, serve all of Latin America.

Sound interesting? The plan gets even bolder: conceived in March 2002, 
approval would be sought immediately, and construction would begin by 
May 2002, with the first student intake by September 2002! [NOTE: my 
original posting said "construction ... by September 2002 ... student 
intake by May 2003", but I have updated the preceding sentence in light 
of the comment by Alina Ruiz below.] Guess what: the vast bulk of the 
dedicated campus has already been built, and the annual intake of 2000 
students is in full swing, aiming for a steady-state of 10,000. Fully 
6000 are on campus right now. Half of the students are women, and 250 
professors are on hand, living on campus with them.

I sat dumb-struck as I heard the concept and the numbers from the 
presenter. This was a colossal plan, on a scale that would challenge 
most countries in the developed world. That it was so bold was 
staggering enough – but this was topped by the realization that it had 
already been built. I am pretty tuned in to the e-learning and distance 
learning grapevines, and had even been to Havana previously for 
TelEduc03 with the same organizers, yet I had never heard of UCI. I 
thought I surely must be dreaming. "Tomas, I'd really love to see this 
place, and meet some of the people involved – would that be possible?"

The Visit

Tomas knows everyone in Cuban higher education, particularly in the 
high-tech area, including the Rector of UCI, Melchor Gil, who kindly 
arranged for me to visit on my final day in Cuba. I had already 
interacted with several UCI staff during TelEduc04: the translators who 
assisted me with two presentations, Liliana Casar and Olga Lydia 
Martinez, were in fact lecturers at UCI, specialising in the teaching of 
English, which I discovered is a required subject for all UCI students. 
This requirement is a smart move, and I don't say that as a native 
speaker of English: I say it because a Brazilian guy at last year's 
TelEduc told me that his students, who speak Portuguese and English, had 
a big advantage over Cuban students who speak Spanish and either nothing 
else or perhaps Russian, because getting all the relevant documentation, 
instruction manuals, FAQs, discussion threads, RSS feeds, and other 
sources of late-breaking high-tech info on many topics is overwhelmingly 
facilitated by a knowledge of the English language. UCI is now 
addressing this gap, big-time.

So off we went in a minivan. The driver took us about 1 hour north of 
Havana, on the route towards Piñar del Rio, into open countryside and 
farmland. In the distance I could see some sculptures, and these turned 
out to be works of art stationed around the entrance to UCI. The driver 
turned in, and we were treated to some of the sculptures you see in the 
accompanying pictures. This began a theme that was echoed throughout the 
day: for students to be well-rounded, they needed to be immersed in art, 
music, and culture. Culture was more than just a passive presence on the 
campus: students were expected and encouraged to be active in the 
pursuit of the arts.

One of the many dramatic works of art gracing the long entrance road to 
the UCI campus

Art was everywhere. I met the proud director of one of the halls of 
residence, who boasted about UCI students winning national music and 
dance awards as a result of their extra-curricular activities. Original 
art, typically in the form of large murals, filled the exterior walls of 
the halls of residence. The very first room I was taken to was not a 
computer lab, but an on-campus art gallery.

Halls of residence. Note the air conditioners visible outside each room.

Bulldozers and cranes were everywhere. Roads were being paved, buildings 
being constructed, right before my eyes. It was like one of these scenes 
from The X-Files, where yesterday there was no 10,000-student campus, 
and today there is – hard work on a colossal scale, but hey, why not? 
Five separate 'faculties' are already in existence, in effect modular 
sub-campuses, and more are under construction right now – 24 hours a 
day, as far as I can tell.

I was speechless for a large part of my visit. "This is like visiting 
Jurassic Park" I muttered to myself. "You mean because you think we're 
dinosaurs?" joked Beatriz Aragón, UCI Director of International 
Cooperation. "On the contrary," I replied, "it's because this place is 
like something from a science fiction story: no one will believe me when 
I tell them about it!"

The Effort

Everyone knows about Cuba's economic difficulties. "How on earth did 
they fund this enormous University?" I asked myself, my hosts, even my 
driver. The answer came back with a resounding "It's the most important 
thing happening in this country: we can afford it." Clearly every 
possible resource has been marshalled to make this happen, and fast. 
Saying "no expense was spared" would be misleading, because the place is 
not ostentatious, nor dripping with wealth. It's nice – very nice. It's 
functional – very functional. It's pleasant, and it's a buzzing beehive 
of activity. My driver said that his wife also worked there, and that he 
was extremely proud of this institution. The sense of both pride and 
sacrifice was palpable. UCI was, in my opinion, clearly designed to 
supersede other sources of income in the long term. And it was already 
working, even in the short term. The poster in the entrance hall of one 
of the halls of residence summed up the philosophy: "We are connected to 
the future; we are connected to the revolution."

UCI is connected to the future; and also to the revolution

This means never losing sight of the important cultural and societal 
roots of this University, and developing technologies that will, in the 
words of Vice-Rector Rosa Vázquez "Help transform education and society, 
and bring quality higher education to all of Cuba." In a word: 
bootstrapping. Educating the best and the brightest, deploying their 
skills to bring in more resources (e.g. by acting as an outsourcing 
operation for all of Latin America), and leveraging their newly-gained 
skills to help spread this model throughout Cuba.

We had a lovely lunch with the Rector, Melchor Gil, who discussed the 
bootstrapping model with me. Every student had to work on a project to 
help round out their education, and in a typical case this would be a 
project that would also result in a software product which would create 
a revenue stream for the University. Moreover, despite the University 
being only 2 years old, there was already enough money coming in to help 
pay back a significant amount of the initial expenditure. Thus, things 
looked very rosy for the future of UCI.

The Talent

I met Juan Fung, a Chinese Cuban who showed me his group of students 
developing multimedia training software. A few students looked like they 
were there 'just' doing their homework, while others had that 'extra 
aura' that all of the readers of this column will recognize: the gleam 
in the eye, the talent, the inquisitiveness. (I had seen this also 
during a brief visit to InfoMed earlier in the day, home of the Latin 
American medical information network. A very small team, very switched 
on – people like Roger Vargas who runs a Latin American Linux group, and 
the group that runs the nerve center of medical informatics for an 
entire continent on a very modest budget and with only a handful of staff.)

Juan and his students showed me a training package that was in effect an 
emulator of CorelDraw, since they had to reproduce most of the 
functionality of the original in order to let students experiment and 
navigate around the interface within the training package. It was a nice 
and highly-polished piece of work, particularly for undergraduates in 
their first or second year of study. Another group was working on a 
driving simulator, for none other than the Guatemalan government, which 
had decided to outsource the development of this software suite to UCI. 
The particular multimedia lab I was in (one of untold dozens of such 
labs around the campus) had a car that was rigged up to a large 
screen... so I was able to sit in the car and take a virtual driving 
test, in a faithfully-rendered Guatemala City – not bad!

Marc drives through downtown Guatemala City, in a simulator implemented 
by UCI students.

This was pretty neat stuff. Yet, being a researcher at heart, my 
instinct was that UCI could be a lot more than just a 'software factory' 
to handle the outsourcing of Latin American software projects. Where 
were the next-generation leaders going to come from? If they got this 
right, surely the Cubans could become a dominant force in Latin American 
software within a handful of years, no? Why not have a PhD program too? 
"Be patient" was the essence of the replies I got. "UCI is only two 
years old... let us walk before we run!"

Stay tuned, everybody. Cuba is coming.